《走进吴坎头村》楼洪民
<!----><style type="text/css">html{font-size:375%}</style><link href="https://pics-app.cnyw.net/static/publish/css/style.css?v=20240712" rel="stylesheet" position="1" data-qf-origin="/static/publish/css/style.css?v=20240712"><!-- 付费贴--> <div class="preview_article "> <!----> <p> 《走进吴坎头村》 </p><p> 楼洪民 </p><p> </p><p> 青年时代，夏天在家门口乘凉时，听到一群年纪大的老人，在闲聊中，偶尔，侃侃而谈吴推忠带兵平倭寇，进朝鲜抗日的义乌兵故事，知道了夏演南边不远有个叫吴坎头的村子，还出过一位将军。然后，几十年间，我却又从未到过此村。</p><p> 6月24日上午，应文友之约，终于有机会游览了这个充满传奇色彩故事的地方。 </p><p> 吴坎头村，地处义乌市城西街道南端平原地带上，它紧靠疏港快速路西侧，村庄整洁，环境优美，交通十分便利。</p><p> 吴坎头村名，源于吴氏先祖宋淳熙年间，由苏溪八里迁居柳溪槐里，其村内有颗古樟树见证‌‌了其悠久的千年历史。</p><p> 在村东广场南侧和西侧，保留着吴氏祠堂和厅堂二幢古民宅建筑。</p><p> 西侧厅堂门墙上挂着义乌市至德文化研究会和延陵文化工作室。据说，村里还出了多位有名望的书法家。</p><p> 南端文化礼堂内左厢房，设有村两委办公室。祠堂的左右大小厢房，陈列着吴惟忠生平展，天井中央，设有吴惟忠将军雕刻像。礼堂里吴惟忠纪念馆，展示着戚家军抗倭，吴惟忠个人事迹的介绍。村边建有云峰亭，村内墙体上有连环画，传承着系列忠勇故事。陈列馆内还开劈了吴氏家人的历史沿革，文化传承与人物故事，凸显了吴坎村人深厚的文化底蕴。 </p><p> 家喻户晓的戚家军义乌兵人物中，与陈大成，王如龙等人齐名的，还有吴坎头村的吴惟忠将军。 </p><p> 吴惟忠，字汝诚，号云峰，生于明嘉靖癸已年(1533)，吴坎头村人。他从小生性聪明，志气刚勇，好读史书，精通各种韬略。</p><p> 嘉靖38年9月，东南沿海倭寇为患，戚继光到义乌故乡招募新兵，吴惟忠等4000名青年应募投军，以试武举人，担任把总。从而走上为国担当，英雄抗敌的重任。 </p><p> 他在训练义乌兵时，独创出了一种能制敌新式武器的“狼筅”，以及一种新阵法“鸳鸯阵”，成为戚家军克敌制胜的一种战术法宝。 </p><p> 狼筅又名龙筅，是一种特型的长兵器。狼筅长一丈五六尺(约3米)，重约七斤，器首尖锐如枪头，节密枝坚，附枝九至十一层不等，全器用铁打制而成。</p><p> 狼筅在抗倭平冠战争中，能抵御刀枪丛刺。它虽然形体重滞转移艰难，但层深枝密器长，能御能防。阵战时以狼筅为先锋，牌盾左其下，长枪夹其左右，锐钯大刀接应于后，相为倚靠，浑然一体，以奇制胜。</p><p> 主要战法有：中平势、骑龙势、钩开势、架上势、闸下势、掏步退势等。 </p><p> 而鸳鸯阵，在戚家军抗击倭寇时采用的一种疏散的战斗队形，由吴惟忠所创立，作战时卓有成效。 </p><p> 传说，倭寇火器运用于战场后，武器的杀伤力和破坏力显著提高，为适应大而密集的战斗队形作战需要，吴惟忠根据东南沿海地区多丘陵沟壑、河渠纵横、道路窄小和倭寇作战特点等情况，首次应用了独创的鸳鸯阵。 </p><p> 据有关文献记载:“鸳鸯阵”阵形以11人为一队，最前为队长，次二人一执长牌、一执藤牌。长牌手执长盾牌遮挡倭寇的箭矢、长枪，藤牌手执轻便的藤盾并带有标枪、腰刀，长牌手和藤牌手主要掩护后队前进，藤牌手除了掩护还可与敌近战。再二人为狼筅手执狼筅。</p><p> 狼筅起初使用的就是长长的毛竹，将老毛竹端斜削成尖状，又留四周尖锐的枝枝丫，每支狼筅长3米左右，狼筅手利用狼筅前端的利刃刺杀敌人以掩护盾牌手的推进和后面长枪手的进击。接着是四名手执长枪的长枪手，左右各二人，分别照应前面左右两边的盾牌手和狼筅手。再跟进的是两个手持“镗钯”的士兵担任警戒、支援等工作。 如敌人迂回攻击，短兵手即持短刀冲上前去劈杀敌人。 </p><p> 嘉靖四十年三月，倭寇两万多人，战船数百艘，大举进犯浙江沿海。四月中旬，倭寇直逼台州。戚继光命令胡守仁，楼楠率部驼援，发起突袭，倭寇大乱，退至城南向乐清方向逃窜。 </p><p> 把总丁邦彦为左路，把总陈大成，哨官王如龙为右路，戚继光亲率中路，到鸳鸯阵迎敌，倭寇摆开一字长蛇阵迎战。</p><p> 戚家军用火铳射击，朱珏冲锋陷阵，斩杀倭寇前队头领，把总吴惟忠连斩倭首5颗，斩敌无数。挫敌锐气，寇大乱。义乌兵奋勇追击，歼敌300余人。史称台州大捷。 </p><p> 嘉靖四十三年二月初四，吴惟忠在漳州王仓坪与倭寇激战，歼敌2000余人。 </p><p> 嘉靖四十四年四月初三，吴惟忠挺进梅岭大潭澳合击海盗吴平，二十五日大获全胜。 </p><p> 吴惟忠在攻打牛田，平海卫大捷，收复横屿岛等战斗中，都显示了杰出指挥才能和英勇善战的军人本色。</p><p> 隆庆二年(1568)，吴惟忠奉调蓟镇守兵修筑长城，城堡，关塞。</p><p> 据清康熙九年《山海关志》记载:“边墙，万历七年增筑南海口入海石城七丈，都督戚公继光，行参将吴惟忠修”。成为一件千古留芳之记事。</p><p> 隆庆五年，因修筑长城有功，提升标下右营游击将军，再升山海参将。 </p><p> 万历二十一年，吴惟忠奉命援朝参战，屡建战功，立下不可磨灭的抗战功绩，从而也使他声名远播。 </p><p> </p><p> 在吴坎头村，我们还从中了解了一段动人的吴家太婆(吴若古妻子王氏)，重建绣湖大安寺塔的忠贞爱情故事。 </p><p> 义乌大安寺塔始建于北宋庚寅(1110年)，系青口承信郎吴圭太公出资建造。 到了北宋徽钦二帝被金人所掳后，国内战火狼烟四起，大安寺塔和绣湖万寿宫书院，在战乱中被烧毁。 </p><p> 到了公元1170(庚寅年)，王氏太婆在其恩爱丈夫吴若古英年早逝二年后，毅然出资重修被毁的大安寺塔。</p><p> 现存的大安寺塔，遍布塔身为砖块所筑，其木制模子里，砖头两侧，刻有吴忠翊砖铭等字迹，(吴忠翊，仍为王氏忠贞于丈夫的意思)，保留至今，成为干古凄美的爱情绝唱。 </p><p class="empty_paragraph"> </p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img 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class="empty_paragraph"> </p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pics-app.cnyw.net/forum/20250625102942front2_0_427907_FgdZ4fHP_a79CO-fM93xA1kCYQEL.jpg?watermark/1/image/aHR0cDovL3BpY3MtYXBwLmNueXcubmV0L18yMDE5MDQyNTA5MTYwMF81Y2MxMGE1MDc5ZjY2LnBuZw==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast" alt="" width="4624" height="3472" data-qf-origin="forum/20250625102942front2_0_427907_FgdZ4fHP_a79CO-fM93xA1kCYQEL.jpg?watermark/1/image/aHR0cDovL3BpY3MtYXBwLmNueXcubmV0L18yMDE5MDQyNTA5MTYwMF81Y2MxMGE1MDc5ZjY2LnBuZw==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast" data-qf-thumb="https://pics-app.cnyw.net/forum/20250625102942front2_0_427907_FgdZ4fHP_a79CO-fM93xA1kCYQEL.jpg?imageView2/2/w/1080|watermark/1/image/aHR0cDovL3BpY3MtYXBwLmNueXcubmV0L18yMDE5MDQyNTA5MTYwMF81Y2MxMGE1MDc5ZjY2LnBuZw==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast" data-qf-thumb-origin="forum/20250625102942front2_0_427907_FgdZ4fHP_a79CO-fM93xA1kCYQEL.jpg?imageView2/2/w/1080|watermark/1/image/aHR0cDovL3BpY3MtYXBwLmNueXcubmV0L18yMDE5MDQyNTA5MTYwMF81Y2MxMGE1MDc5ZjY2LnBuZw==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast" /></p><p> </p><p> </p> <!----></div> 欣赏洪民的采风佳作超赞:victory::victory::victory::victory::victory::victory: 深切缅怀战功卓著的吴惟忠将军:victory::victory::victory::victory::victory::victory: 描写细致入微，生动形象，丰富多彩！ https://pics-app.cnyw.net/admin_FsbLrH4XpF1aok8fg1u_Me6G4sVj.png送出团圆月x1 https://pics-app.cnyw.net/admin_FsbLrH4XpF1aok8fg1u_Me6G4sVj.png送出团圆月x1 欣赏楼老师佳作 :loveliness::loveliness::loveliness: 欣赏佳作超赞:victory::victory::victory::victory::victory::victory::victory:
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